• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of operating an internal combustion engine reformer system having an internal combustion engine (3) and a reformer (1), wherein at least one parameter (p'2, P) of the internal combustion engine is specified, an amount of SO2 fuel (Oret) for the reformer is calculated based on the at least one parameter in that reformer (1) is supplied with the soUtufstoffmenge (Oret), in the reformer (1) fuel is reformed to a synthesis gas and the synthesis gas is supplied to the internal combustion engine (3), wherein a synthesis gas pressure (Pact) of the synthesis gas after the reformer (1) is measured and in the calculation of the SoUtufstoffmenge (Oret) of the synthesis gas pressure (Pact) is taken into account.
    公开号:AT513491A4
    申请号:T1143/2012
    申请日:2012-10-24
    公开日:2014-05-15
    发明作者:Friedrich Gruber；Günther Wall；Michael Url；Lukas Vogl
    申请人:Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    72421 32 / fr
    The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine-reformer system having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and to such an internal combustion engine-reformer system having the features of the preamble of claim 8.
    When operating an internal combustion engine - in particular a gas engine - it may be advantageous to reform at least a portion of the fuel prior to combustion in a synthesis gas. This means that take place in a so-called reformer endothermic and exothermic reactions in which from the fuel, a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas is obtained. By adding this hydrogen-containing gas to the fuel mixture, for example, the ignition behavior can be improved or the emission of undesirable emissions can be reduced.
    Installations in which both an internal combustion engine and a reformer are integrated are known in the prior art, for example US Pat. No. 6,508,209 B1.
    Although the regulation of a reformer due to a predetermined ratio of water vapor to carbon or from oxygen to carbon is known. However, these control concepts are designed for the most constant possible production of synthesis gas. They can not meet the varying needs for synthesis gas of an internal combustion engine. A simple solution to this problem would be to maintain a buffer volume of synthesis gas or to produce syngas at a relatively high rate and to burn off the excess. However, these solutions are not energetically meaningful and significantly reduce the plant efficiency.
    A concept for controlling an internal combustion engine reformer system has been disclosed in US 2004/0050345 A1. In this case, based on the injection quantity of the internal combustion engine, the target amount of fuel which is supplied to the reformer, determined. 2/13 72421 32 / fr 72421 32 / fr * 2. • • • * • • • • • • • · · * ·· Μ
    The disadvantage here is that when changing the operating point of the internal combustion engine not the amount of synthesis gas is provided, which is currently needed, but the one that corresponds to the operating point before the change. In load changes that frequently occur in practice, this leads to significantly too much or too little synthesis gas being supplied to the internal combustion engine.
    The object of the invention is to provide a control or regulation method for an internal combustion engine reformer system, which makes it possible to provide by the reformer exactly the amount of synthesis gas that is currently required by the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, an internal combustion engine reformer system is to be provided, which allows the implementation of such a method.
    This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 or by an internal combustion engine reformer system having the features of claim 8.
    This is done by measuring the pressure of the synthesis gas in the synthesis gas line, which delivers the synthesis gas from the reformer to the internal combustion engine, and then using this synthesis gas pressure to determine the desired amount of fuel supplied to the reformer. In other words, the invention is to keep the pressure in the synthesis gas line constantly at a level acceptable to the internal combustion engine.
    Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
    Various parameters of the internal combustion engine can also be used to calculate the desired fuel quantity. For this purpose, particularly a boost pressure or a power of the internal combustion engine are suitable, since they are often already measured in the course of the control of the internal combustion engine anyway. 3/13 For a particularly accurate regulation or control, a reformer transfer function can be used to determine the target fuel quantity. By means of such a reformer transfer function, it is possible to calculate both the composition and the amount of synthesis gas produced by the reformer. The reformer transfer function may depend on the volumetric flows as well as the chemical compositions of the streams flowing into the reformer. Most simply, such a reformer transfer function can be generated by direct measurement of the amount and composition of the synthesis gas produced by the reformer at different inlet flow rates and possibly different temperatures.
    In order to keep the chemical conditions in the reformer as optimal as possible, nominal ratios of steam to carbon and of oxygen to carbon can be specified for the reformer, based on the desired ratios, a desired amount of air and / or a desired amount of exhaust gas and / or a desired amount of steam can be determined and the reformer the target air quantity of air and / or the target exhaust gas quantity of exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and / or the target steam quantity of steam are supplied.
    In this embodiment, a reformer transfer function may be used for determining the target air amount and / or the target exhaust gas amount and / or the target steam amount, whereby the conditions in the reformer can be controlled particularly accurately.
    In addition, in order to calculate the composition of the synthesis gas after the reformer with high accuracy, an inlet temperature of a pointing in the reformer material flow and / or an outlet temperature of a pointing out of the reformer material flow can be measured, and the inlet temperature and / or the outlet temperature in the determination the target fuel amount and / or the target air amount and / or the target exhaust gas amount and / or the target steam amount can be used. In particular, the reformer transfer function may depend on the measured temperatures.
    Further advantages and details emerge from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Show
    1 shows the interconnection of a erfindungsgemäBen internal combustion engine
    Reformer plant and
    Fig. 2 different designs for control concepts for determining the desired fuel quantity.
    FIG. 1 shows first the reformer 1, the internal combustion engine 3 and the synthesis gas line 8. The reformer is supplied via a fuel line 7 with fuel from a fuel reservoir T, via an air supply line 9 with air L and a steam supply line 10 with steam D. Furthermore, exhaust gas A of the internal combustion engine 3 is returned via the exhaust pipe 11 into the reformer 1. The control valves 5, which allow the supply of fuel, air, steam and exhaust gas in controlled or controlled amounts, are arranged in the respective lines and in each case connected to the control or regulating device 4. In the present embodiment, these control valves 5 are designed as flow control valves. That is, they also include a volumetric flow meter and a control circuit for controlling the volume flows to the setpoint values predetermined by the control device 4. See figure 2.
    In the synthesis gas line 8, the pressure gauge 2 is arranged, which is connected to the control device 4. With the aid of the synthesis gas pressure pact measured by the pressure gauge 2, the control unit 4 calculates the target fuel quantity Qref, as well as the setpoint air quantity, the target exhaust gas quantity and the target steam quantity.
    In this embodiment, the various material streams are brought together before being fed to the reformer 1. This makes it possible to measure by a temperature measuring device 12, the temperature of the pointing in the reformer 1 material flow. Likewise, a temperature measuring device 12 for measuring the synthesis gas temperature in the synthesis gas line 8 is arranged. . ··. . · *. . * ·. . · *. . * ·. . **. 72421 32 / fr ........ · · • t i · · · · o * * ···· · · · · ··· «·· ···· ····
    At the motor 3, a measuring device 6 is arranged, whereby the boost pressure P and / or the power P of the motor 3 can be measured.
    The calculation of the target fuel amount Qref can be performed in various ways.
    In Figure 2a, the control valve 5, via which the reformer 1 fuel is supplied, and the internal combustion engine 3 can be seen. At the internal combustion engine 3, the measurement of the boost pressure p'2 and other parameters of the internal combustion engine takes place. In the control circuit Ri the fuel quantity Qcaic required by the internal combustion engine is calculated. These calculations are known per se in the art. As an example we give the following formula. n -_2 / __n η. ¥ -2-.Έ * _____ calc + cyl wl T pn 2-60
    Where Vcyi denotes the volume per cylinder of the internal combustion engine, Ncyi the number of cylinders, Imin, the minimum air volume, ηνο1 the volumetric efficiency, n the instantaneous revolutions per minute of the internal combustion engine, T'2 or P'2 the temperature or the pressure of the combustion mixture and λ is the ratio of air to fuel relative to the stoichiometric ratio. Furthermore, Tn and Pndie designate the standard temperature or the standard pressure (ie Tn = 273.15 K and Pn = 1.01325 bar). Similar equation based on the power P of the internal combustion engine or on the basis of the boost pressure p'2 and the power P of the internal combustion engine are known in the art.
    The pressure pact measured by the pressure gauge 2 is compared with a reference pressure pref. On the basis of the result of this comparison and the amount of substance Qcai0 calculated in the control loop Ri, the setpoint fuel quantity Qref is calculated in the control loop R2. In this case, for example, the following equation can be used.
    Qref (Pri / Pact) * Y 'Qcaic 6/13 72421 32 / fr
    Both the reference pressure pref and the proportionality factor γ are to be determined empirically during the calibration of the system. Even more complex dependencies are conceivable, for example, the proportionality factor γ could include a time dependence or the like.
    Finally, in the control circuit R3, the current fuel volume flow, which has in the reformer, measured, compared with the target fuel quantity Qret and controlled the fuel flow through the control valve 5.
    This control concept can be extended by, for example, using a reformer transfer function. Examples of this are shown in FIGS. 2b and 2c. There are additional control circuits R2 'are provided, which make use of just this reformer transfer function. In this embodiment, the following control law is used.
    Qref = (Xref~Xact) ^ Q calc
    Here, y denotes a further proportionality factor, Q'caicdas the result of the control loop R2, xret a desired value of a parameter for the composition of the synthesis gas and xact the evaluation result of the reformer transfer function. In this case, the reformer transfer function depends on the instantaneous streams flowing into the reformer, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the reformer and the target ratios S / C and O / C (water vapor / carbon and oxygen / carbon).
    In this embodiment, the reformer transfer function is generated by direct measurement of the amount and composition of the synthesis gas produced by the reformer at different inlet flow rates and different temperatures. However, it is also possible to determine the reformer transfer function using a simulation.
    Innsbruck, on 23.10.2012 7/13
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    A method for operating an internal combustion engine-reformer system, having an internal combustion engine (3) and a reformer (1), wherein - at least one parameter (P'2, P) of the internal combustion engine is specified - a target fuel quantity (Qref) for the reformer is calculated on the basis of the at least one parameter, - the reformer (1) the target fuel quantity (Qref) is supplied, - in the reformer (1) fuel is reformed to a synthesis gas and - the synthesis gas supplied to the internal combustion engine (3) is characterized in that a synthesis gas pressure (pact) of the synthesis gas after the reformer (1) is measured and that in the calculation of the target fuel quantity (Qref) of the synthesis gas pressure (pact) is taken into account.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a boost pressure (P'2) is used as a parameter.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an engine power (P) is used as a parameter.
    [4]
    4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a reformer transfer function for determining the desired amount of fuel (Qref) is used.
    [5]
    5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein desired ratios of steam to carbon and oxygen to carbon for the reformer (1) are specified, characterized in that due to the desired ratios, a target air amount and / or a target exhaust gas amount and / or a target steam amount be determined and the reformer (1) the target air amount of air and / or the target exhaust gas amount of exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (3) and / or the target steam amount of steam is supplied. 8/13 ·········· 72421 32 ················································································· ····· ···· ····
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a reformer transfer function is used to determine the target air amount and / or the target exhaust gas amount and / or the target steam amount.
    [7]
    7. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an inlet temperature of an in the reformer (1) Weisenden material flow and / or an outlet temperature of a pointing out of the reformer material flow are measured, and that the inlet temperature and / or the outlet temperature is used in the determination of the target fuel amount (Qref) and / or the target air amount and / or the target exhaust gas amount and / or the target steam amount.
    [8]
    8. An internal combustion engine reformer system comprising - an internal combustion engine (3), - a reformer (1) for reforming a fuel stream to a synthesis gas, - a fuel supply line (7), which is connected to the reformer (1), to provide the fuel flow , - a synthesis gas line (8), which is connected to the reformer (1) and the internal combustion engine (3), for supplying the internal combustion engine (3) with synthesis gas, - a control or regulating device (4) for calculating a desired fuel quantity (Qref) taking into account at least one parameter (p'2, P), - a measuring device (6) for measuring the at least one parameter (p'2, P), wherein the measuring device (6) is connected to the control or regulating device (4) , and - a control valve (5) for controlling the fuel flow in the fuel supply line (7), which is connected to the control or regulating device (4), characterized in that in the synthesis gas line (8) Druckm measuring device (2) for measuring a synthesis gas pressure (Pact) for consideration in the calculation of the target fuel quantity (Qref) is provided, which is connected to the control or regulating device (4). 9/13. 72421 32 ······· · · · · «· ··· · * ····································································
    [9]
    9. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one parameter (p'2, P) includes a boost pressure (p'2).
    [10]
    10. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one parameter (pJ2, P) includes an engine power (P).
    [11]
    11. internal combustion engine-reformer system according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a reformer transfer function for determining the target fuel amount (Qref) is used.
    [12]
    12. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 8 to 11, wherein desired ratios of steam to carbon and oxygen to carbon for the reformer can be specified, characterized in that due to the desired ratios, a desired air quantity and / or a desired amount of exhaust gas and / or a Target steam quantity can be determined and the reformer (1) the target air amount of air and / or the target exhaust gas amount of exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (3) and / or the target steam amount of water vapor can be fed.
    [13]
    13. Internal combustion engine-reformer system according to claim 12, characterized in that a reformer transfer function can be used to determine the setpoint air quantity and / or the setpoint exhaust gas quantity and / or the setpoint steam quantity.
    [14]
    14. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that a temperature measuring device (7) for measuring an inlet temperature in the reformer (1) facing the material flow and / or a temperature measuring device (3) for measuring an exit temperature one of the reformer (1) facing material flow are provided, which are connected to the control or regulating device (4), and that the inlet temperature and / or the outlet temperature at the 10/13 tl ··· ·· ·· »* · ·······························. ≪ It is also possible to determine the desired fuel quantity (Qref) and / or the setpoint air quantity and / or the setpoint exhaust gas quantity and / or the setpoint steam quantity. Innsbruck, on 23.10.2012 11/13
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    引用文献:
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    KR102149149B1|2020-01-29|2020-08-28|연세대학교 산학협력단|Apparatus for producing hydrogen and method for producing hydrogen using the same|
    法律状态:
    2018-06-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20171024 |
    优先权:
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